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OCULAR ALLERGY |
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“My child always has red eyes or keeps rubbing his eyes all the time…Why is that so?”
Allergic ocular disease is a common problem in children, often occurring in association with asthma, allergic rhinitis (sneezing and runny nose) and atopic dermatitis (itchy rash on body).
Marked itching and redness of eyes of recurrent and chronic nature are hallmarks of internal ocular disease of allergic origin. Other non specific signs like watering,
In medical terms it is called Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis or spring catarrh. Occurs on a seasonal basis with aggravation in summer. It is common self limiting disease, seen frequently in males between ages 5 to 20 years. Exact cause is not known, but is thought to be of allergic origin mostly sunlight & dust, pollens.tinging, burning and inability to bear light are also occasionally seen.
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What do we do for it?
Although there is no specific treatment it can be controlled with topical steroids. The lowest concentration for the least amount of time is used. Cold compressors and oral anti-histaminics may also be helpful. Recovery is excellent, although the course may last several years. Being a self limiting disease, it cannot be completely cured during its course, but the symptoms can only be treated to give some respite for the patient. |
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How serious is this allergy?
VKC usually does not cause blindness per se. However, there are certain complications which can be vision threatening. Constant rubbing of the eyes can render the cornea thin (outer surface of the eye) leading to a serious condition called Keratoconus. Indiscriminate use of steroids can cause ulceration (shield ulcer) which can have vision threatening consequences. |
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A word of cautions about steroids
Steroids are the mainstay of treatment of VKC. Wonder drugs, they are, but can be a two edged sword. Too much &/or too long usage can harm the eye due to increasing the intra ocular pressure leading to glaucoma, opacification of lens leading to cataract, ulceration of cornea, making the eye prone to infection. All these complications though remediable to some extent can cause considerable harm leading to irreparable vision loss. |
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However it is all preventable by following a few simple ground rules
Never instill steroid drops without competent medical supervision.
Follow the schedule of dosage as prescribed by your doctor.
Maintain your follow up schedule as asked for by your doctor
In case of any untoward effect noted, contact you doctor immediately |
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